Quantum computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations more efficiently than classical computers. While classical computers use binary bits (0s and 1s) to represent information, quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This ability to handle multiple possibilities at once holds the potential for quantum computers to solve certain problems much faster than traditional computers.
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The early years
Quantum computing evolved from Feynman and Deutsch's 1980s theories. Shor and Grover's algorithms (1990s) demonstrated its potential. Experimental progress (2000s) led to current research, with Google claiming quantum supremacy in 20
Classical computers, which include the devices we use every day like laptops and smartphones, use bits to represent information as either 0s or 1s. Quantum computers, on the other hand, use quantum bits or qubits.
Unlike classical bits, qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This allows quantum computers to process a large number of possibilities at the same time.
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Qubits can be entangled, meaning the state of one qubit is directly related to the state of another, regardless of the physical distance between them. This enables quantum computers to perform certain calculations more efficiently.
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Quantum computers can exploit interference phenomena to enhance correct solutions and cancel out incorrect ones, improving the overall efficiency of certain algorithms.
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Traditional computers utilise logical algorithms to solve problems. In the quantum realm, specialized algorithms harness phenomena like interference, introducing an additional layer of computational efficiency.
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Quantum computing is a revolutionary shift, introducing qubits, entanglement, and quantum algorithms. Researchers and companies around the world are actively working on advancing quantum computing technology.